APPLICATION OF COMBINED ELECTRO-PHYSICAL TECHNIQUES TO IMPROVE SUNFLOWER SEED PREPARATION FOR OIL PRESSING
Abstract
This article investigates the application of combined electrophysical techniques—Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF), Microwave (MW) heating, and Ultrasound (US)—as a revolutionary method for pre-treating sunflower seeds before mechanical oil pressing. Traditional preparation methods are energy-intensive and often result in low initial yields. This research presents an integrated, synergistic approach. We demonstrate that the sequential application of these techniques fundamentally alters the cellular structure of the seed kernel. PEF induces electroporation (non-thermal membrane permeabilization), MW provides rapid volumetric heating to reduce oil viscosity, and US accelerates mass transfer through acoustic cavitation. Our results, visualized through advanced microscopy and kinetic data, show a significant increase in oil yield (+18% compared to cold pressing), a 35% reduction in total process energy consumption, and the maintenance of high-quality, nutrient-rich crude oil.
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