DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GERUND AND INFINITIVE

Authors

  • Zahro Mamadaliyeva Author
  • Mirzaolimov Hakimbek Author

Abstract

The gerund and infinitive are both non-finite verb forms in English, but they serve different grammatical functions. The gerund, formed by adding “-ing” to a verb, is used to describe activities or general actions (e.g., “I enjoy reading”). The infinitive, formed with “to” followed by the base verb (e.g., “to read”), typically expresses purpose, intention, or future action. Certain verbs and expressions require specific forms, and the choice can affect sentence meaning, highlighting their importance in English grammar.

References

1. Azar, B. S. (2002). Understanding and Using English Grammar. 3rd ed. Pearson Education.

2. Biber, D., Conrad, S., & Leech, G. (2002). Longman Student Grammar of Spoken and Written English. Pearson Education.

3. Carter, R., & McCarthy, M. (2006). Cambridge Grammar of English: A Comprehensive Guide. Cambridge University Press.

4. Celce-Murcia, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1999). The Grammar Book: An ESL/EFL Teacher’s Course. 2nd ed. Heinle & Heinle.

5. Greenbaum, S., & Quirk, R. (1990). A Student’s Grammar of the English Language. Longman.

6. Huddleston, R., & Pullum, G. K. (2002). The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge University Press.

7. Mastroianni, M. (2009). English Grammar for Dummies. Wiley Publishing.

8. Murphy, R. (2012). English Grammar in Use. 4th ed. Cambridge University Press.

9. Swan, M. (2005). Practical English Usage. 3rd ed. Oxford University Press.

10. Thomson, A., & Martinet, A. V. (2000). A Practical English Grammar. 4th ed. Oxford University Press.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-04