O‘PKA SILINING PATOGENEZIDA IMMUN JAVOB MEXANIZMLARINING ROLI
Abstract
Ushbu maqolada o‘pka silining patogenezida immun javob mexanizmlarining o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Tuberkulyoz — Mycobacterium tuberculosis qo‘zg‘atuvchisi tomonidan yuzaga keladigan surunkali infeksion kasallik bo‘lib, uning rivojlanishi bevosita mezbon organizmning immun tizimi holatiga bog‘liq. Maqolada tug‘ma (innat) va orttirilgan (adaptiv) immunitetning o‘zaro ta’siri, ayniqsa alveolyar makrofaglar, T-limfotsitlar (CD4+ va CD8+), sitokinlar (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-12) hamda granuloma hosil bo‘lish jarayonidagi roli yoritilgan. Shuningdek, immun tizimning yetarli yoki yetarli bo‘lmagan javobi natijasida kasallikning latent yoki aktiv shakllari shakllanish mexanizmlari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Immun javobning disbalansi, xususan, sitokinlar muvozanatining buzilishi, makrofaglarning bakteritsid faolligining pasayishi va T-hujayraviy immunitet yetishmovchiligi kasallikning progresiyasiga olib kelishi ta’kidlanadi. Bundan tashqari, OIV infeksiyasi, qandli diabet va boshqa immunosupressiv holatlarning o‘pka silining kechishiga ta’siri ham tahlil etiladi.
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