DEVELOPMENT OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CASES OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Abstract
Immune deficiency states are one of the urgent problems in the global health system. These states arise as a result of congenital or acquired deficiencies of the immune system and weaken the human body against various infectious agents. Under such conditions, even microorganisms that are usually harmless to healthy people can cause dangerous infections. Opportunistic infections, such as Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, candidiasis, cytomegalovirus infection, and tuberculosis, are common in immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppression develops, especially in cases of HIV/AIDS, transplantation, autoimmune diseases, oncological treatment, and long-term steroid therapy. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the types, causes, main clinical manifestations, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, as well as modern prevention and control strategies of immunodeficiency states. At the same time, information is provided about the advanced strategies used by world health organizations, especially vaccines, antiretroviral therapy, antimicrobial prophylaxis, and the importance of a healthy lifestyle. The article also analyzes the current approaches and promising directions in the fight against infectious diseases in immunodeficiency states in medical practice in our country. Through this study, not only medical workers, but also health policymakers will gain a deeper understanding of the correct assessment, diagnosis and selection of treatment strategies for immunodeficiency states.
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