INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN DEVELOPING CHILDREN’S THINKING THROUGH MENTAL ARITHMETIC

Abstract

This article examines international experience in developing children’s thinking through mental arithmetic. It analyzes the practices of Japan, China, South Korea, Malaysia, and Singapore in teaching mental arithmetic through the abacus, soroban, suanpan, and modern supplementary education programs. The article highlights how mental arithmetic contributes to the development of children’s logical thinking, memory, concentration, quick calculation skills, visual imagination, and independent decision-making. Special attention is given to the methods, age stages, teaching forms, and practical approaches used in foreign countries. Based on international experience, the article also proposes recommendations for adapting effective mental arithmetic practices to the education system of Uzbekistan. The study concludes that mental arithmetic can serve as an effective pedagogical tool for improving children’s intellectual development from preschool and primary school age.