THE HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL LEGACY OF AL-FARABI AND AL-BIRUNI IN THE CONTEXT OF TOLERANCE
Abstract
The vast scientific legacy of Abu Rayhan al-Biruni has long attracted the close attention of scholars from both the East and the West. Representing the sciences, including the philosophy of the peoples of the Near and Middle East, particularly Central Asia, Abu Rayhan al-Biruni showed great interest in their history of philosophy, spiritual traditions, and interactions with other cultures. He clearly understood that during this period, the spiritual life of the region experienced an unprecedented flowering, achieving a leading position worldwide.
References
1. Khairullayev M.M. Forobiy va uning falsafiy risolalari. Tashkent: Fan, 1963; Abu Rayhan al-Biruni. Selected Works. Vol. I–VI. Tashkent: Fan, 1957–1987 (in Uzbek and Russian); Epitre de Beruni contenant le repertoire des ouvrages de Muhammad b.Zakariya al-Razi, published by Paul Kraus. Paris, 1936; S/N. Science and Civilization in Islam. Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1968.
2. Al-Farabi. On What Should Precede the Study of Philosophy // Al-Farabi. Philosophical Treatises. Alma-Ata: Nauka, 1970; pp. 3–4.
3. Abu Rayhan al-Biruni. Geodesy // Selected Works. Vol. III. Tashkent: Fan, 1966; p. 85.
4. Abu Rayhan al-Biruni. India // Selected Works. Vol. II. Tashkent: Fan, 1963; p. 60.
5. Ibid., p. 68.
6. Ibid., p. 69.
