FROM ICT TO AI: THE EVOLUTION OF DIGITAL PEDAGOGY IN EFL CLASSROOMS AND ITS IMPACT ON TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS
Abstract
The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms has transformed traditional teaching methodologies. In recent years, the emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has further revolutionized digital pedagogy, providing adaptive learning systems, intelligent tutoring, and real-time feedback mechanisms. This paper examines the evolution from ICT-based tools—such as interactive whiteboards, eBooks, and educational platforms—to AI-powered technologies, emphasizing their impact on learner engagement, communicative competence, and teaching effectiveness. The study integrates findings from recent empirical studies and discusses practical implications for EFL educators and policy makers in higher education.
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