O‘ZBEK VA INGLIZ XALQ ERTAKLARINING SYUJET-MOTIV TIZIMI: QIYOSIY-TIPOLOGIK TAHLIL
Abstract
Ushbu maqolada o‘zbek va ingliz xalq ertaklarining syujet-kompozitsion qurilishi, motivlar tizimi hamda tipologik xususiyatlari qiyosiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi ikki xalq ertakchilik an’anasida uchraydigan universal syujet modellarini aniqlash va ularning milliy-madaniy transformatsiyasini ko‘rsatishdan iborat. Tadqiqotda qiyosiy-tipologik, strukturaviy-semiotik va motiv tahlili metodlaridan foydalanildi. Tahlil uchun o‘zbek xalq ertaklaridan “Zumrad va Qimmat”, “Ur to‘qmoq”, “Susambil”, shuningdek, ingliz folkloridan “Cinderella”, “Jack and the Beanstalk”, “Jack and His Golden Snuff-Box” kabi syujetlar tanlandi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, har ikki an’anada qahramonning sinovdan o‘tishi, taqiqning buzilishi, yordamchi kuchning paydo bo‘lishi, sehrli vosita, yovuzlik bilan kurash va yakuniy mukofot kabi funksional birliklar mavjud. Biroq ushbu universal modellar turli madaniy muhitda turlicha mazmun kasb etadi. O‘zbek ertaklarida jamoaviy manfaat, oila, adolat va ezgulikning ijtimoiy tasdig‘i kuchli bo‘lsa, ingliz ertaklarida shaxsiy tashabbus, topqirlik, mustaqillik va individual muvaffaqiyat ko‘proq namoyon bo‘ladi. Tadqiqot folklor syujetlarining bir vaqtning o‘zida ham universal, ham milliy xususiyatga ega ekanini ko‘rsatadi.
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