THE IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL CLUSTER SYSTEMS ON THE EFFICIENCY AND INCOME STABILITY OF SMALL FARMERS IN UZBEKISTAN
Abstract
This article explores the transformative role of agricultural clusters in Uzbekistan and their direct influence on the economic performance of small-scale farmers. Since the structural reforms initiated in 2017, the country has shifted from a state-centered production model to a vertically integrated cluster system. The study analyzes how this transition has affected technical efficiency through technology transfer and agrotechnical support, while simultaneously evaluating its impact on the income stability of farmers. While clusters have provided a "guaranteed offtake" and modernized infrastructure, the paper identifies challenges such as monopsonistic market power and the need for stronger legal protections for farmers. The findings suggest that for the cluster model to be sustainable, it must balance industrial interests with the economic autonomy of small producers.
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