ANALYSIS OF THE TRANSLATION OF PREDICATE TYPES FROM ENGLISH INTO UZBEK, KARAKALPAK AND RUSSIAN.

Abstract

The predicate is the main grammatical and semantic center of a sentence. This article analyzes the structural types of predicates in English (simple verbal predicate, compound verbal predicate, and compound nominal predicate) and examines the peculiarities of their translation into Uzbek, Karakalpak, and Russian. Special attention is paid to the typological differences between the analytical English language and the agglutinative Turkic languages (Uzbek and Karakalpak), as well as the inflectional Russian language. The study reveals the main grammatical transformations that occur during translation, such as the omission of linking verbs, replacement of analytical constructions with synthetic ones, changes in word class, and syntactic restructuring. The research shows that successful translation of predicates requires taking into account not only grammatical but also semantic, contextual, and pragmatic factors. The results of the analysis can be useful for translators, linguists, and specialists in contrastive linguistics and translation theory.