GERMAN ORIENTALIST SCHOLARSHIP AND IBN AL-ʿARABI: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RITTER – MEIER – RADTKE TRADITION
Abstract
This article examines the development of Ibn al‑ʿArabī studies within German Orientalist scholarship, focusing on the intellectual contributions of Hellmut Ritter, Fritz Meier, and Bernd Radtke. Drawing upon philological, historical-hermeneutic, and conceptual methods, these scholars established a rigorous framework for analyzing Ibn al‑ʿArabī’s metaphysical, mystical, and literary works. The study engages with 30 major German and Western sources, presenting a detailed methodology and analysis of Ibn al‑ʿArabī’s “Futūḥāt al‑Makkīyah” and “Fusūs al‑Ḥikam”.
References
1. Meier, F. (1999). Essays on Islamic Piety and Mysticism. Leiden: Brill. pp. 112–118, 146–152.
2. Meier, F. (1999). Essays on Islamic Piety and Mysticism. Leiden: Brill. pp. 112–118, 146–152.
3. Radtke, B. (1996). The Concept of Sainthood in Early Islamic Mysticism. Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 131–138.
4. Radtke, B. (1996). The Concept of Sainthood in Early Islamic Mysticism. Stuttgart: Steiner. pp. 131–138.
5. Ritter, H. (1955). Das Meer der Seele: Mensch, Welt und Gott in den Geschichten des Farīd al Dīn ʿAṭṭār. Leiden: Brill. pp. 21–35, 67–74.
6. Ritter, H. (1955). Das Meer der Seele: Mensch, Welt und Gott in den Geschichten des Farīd al Dīn ʿAṭṭār. Leiden: Brill. pp. 21–35, 67–74.
7. Encyclopaedia Iranica. (2020). “Germany iv. Iranian studies in German: Islamic Period.” pp. 1–10.
8. Chittick, W. C. (1989). The Sufi Path of Knowledge: Ibn al Arabī’s Metaphysics of Imagination. Albany: SUNY Press. pp. 79–83.
9. Corbin, H. (1969). Alone with the Alone: Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn al Arabī. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 112–115.
10. Schimmel, A. (1975). Mystical Dimensions of Islam. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. pp. 10–12.
11. Encyclopaedia Iranica. (2020). “Germany iv. Iranian studies in German: Islamic Period.” pp. 1–10.
12. Ernst, C. W. (2011). Sufism: An Introduction to the Mystical Tradition. Boston: Shambhala. pp. 98–104.
13. Knysh, A. (2010). Islamic Mysticism: A Short History. Leiden: Brill. pp. 23–30.
14. Brown, J. A. C. (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet’s Legacy. London: Oneworld. pp. 301–307.
