SOCIAL STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Abstract

We can say that the social state of development is an individual combination of what is formed in the child's psyche and the relationship that arises in the child with social reality. The psychological separation of the child from adults occurs at about three years of age. This age is considered a three-year crisis. During this period, the child is separated from the family circle, from people close to him. As a result of the crisis, the necessary conditions arise for the formation of a new social state of development. At the end of early childhood, we encounter a psychological situation in which the child resists all the prohibitions of adults - "I want to". The child wants to act like an adult and wants to act independently. At this stage, the child begins to be more interested in the adult world. The main thing in the new social situation is an adult who has some kind of social function (a policeman, a doctor, a mother, a seller, etc.). But so far the child cannot really participate in life on a par with adults. The game of preschool age is a leading type of activity, through which the child can reflect the life of adults and live imaginatively. Children's play activities are symbolic, there are no rules in them. Typical for preschool children is role-playing, in which the child can "try on" the role of an adult, whether it is a hairdresser, a salesman or a driver. Psychologist M. I. Lisina identified two extra-situational forms of communication between children and adults, characteristic of preschool age - cognitive and personal.